Dr. Shraddha Krishnamoorthy | Neuro Physiotherapist, Thane

Stroke Rehabilitation

A stroke happens when blood flow to part of the brain is interrupted, which can affect movement, speech, or sensation. Physiotherapy helps retrain the brain and body to regain independence over time.

Do's

Start gentle movement as soon as your doctor approves
Keep the affected side supported and positioned comfortably
Involve family in daily practice and encouragement
Attend physiotherapy sessions consistently for steady progress

Don'ts

Don't force movements that cause pain or strain
Don't skip prescribed rest periods between activity
Don't ignore new symptoms like sudden weakness or confusion
Don't compare recovery speed with other patients

Common Symptoms

Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body
Difficulty with balance and walking
Slurred speech or trouble understanding words
Numbness or loss of coordination in arm or leg

When to see a physiotherapist: Seek immediate medical care for sudden weakness, slurred speech, or facial drooping, and consult a physiotherapist early to guide safe recovery.

Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's disease is a progressive condition affecting movement control, causing tremors, stiffness, and slower movements. Physiotherapy helps maintain mobility, balance, and confidence in daily activities.

Do's

Stay physically active with regular, gentle movement
Practice consciously taking bigger steps while walking
Keep walkways clear and well-lit at home
Take medications on schedule as prescribed by your doctor

Don'ts

Don't rush transfers like standing up from a chair
Don't wear slippery footwear or loose rugs at home
Don't isolate yourself; social engagement supports wellbeing
Don't ignore freezing episodes without learning safe strategies

Common Symptoms

Tremor in hands, arms, or legs at rest
Muscle stiffness and slower movements
Stooped posture and shuffling walk
Balance difficulties and freezing while walking

When to see a physiotherapist: Consult a physiotherapist if you notice increasing falls, freezing while walking, or worsening stiffness affecting daily tasks.

Spinal Cord Injury

A spinal cord injury affects the signals between the brain and body, which can impact movement and sensation below the injury level. Physiotherapy helps maximize function and independence.

Do's

Change position regularly to protect skin health
Keep joints gently moving within a comfortable range
Follow a structured rehabilitation plan with your team
Stay engaged with breathing exercises if advised

Don'ts

Don't stay in one position for long periods
Don't attempt transfers alone without proper technique training
Don't ignore skin redness or pressure sores
Don't push through unusual pain without reporting it

Common Symptoms

Loss of movement or sensation below injury level
Muscle spasms or stiffness
Changes in bladder or bowel control
Difficulty with balance while sitting or standing

When to see a physiotherapist: Seek prompt medical attention for new numbness, worsening weakness, or skin breakdown, and involve a physiotherapist early in rehabilitation.

Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy is a lifelong condition affecting movement and posture due to early brain development differences. Physiotherapy supports mobility, function, and quality of life at every age.

Do's

Encourage regular movement and play appropriate to ability
Follow positioning guidance for sitting, standing, and sleeping
Celebrate small progress to build confidence and motivation
Work closely with a therapy team for consistent goals

Don'ts

Don't compare progress to typically developing children
Don't force positions or movements that cause distress
Don't skip therapy sessions during growth spurts
Don't overlook the child's own comfort and cues

Common Symptoms

Delayed motor milestones like sitting or walking
Muscle stiffness or unusually floppy muscle tone
Difficulty with coordination and balance
Involuntary movements or abnormal posture

When to see a physiotherapist: Consult a physiotherapist early if you notice delayed milestones or unusual muscle tone, as early support improves long-term outcomes.

Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is a condition where the immune system affects nerve coverings, leading to varied symptoms that can come and go. Physiotherapy helps manage fatigue, strength, and mobility.

Do's

Pace activities to conserve energy across the day
Stay cool, as heat can temporarily worsen symptoms
Keep a symptom diary to share with your care team
Engage in regular, moderate movement within comfort

Don'ts

Don't overexert during flare-ups; rest when needed
Don't skip follow-ups even during symptom-free periods
Don't push through extreme fatigue without adjusting activity
Don't assume all fatigue is 'just tiredness'

Common Symptoms

Fatigue that doesn't improve with rest alone
Numbness or tingling in limbs
Muscle weakness or spasticity
Balance and coordination difficulties

When to see a physiotherapist: See your neurologist and a physiotherapist if you notice new or worsening symptoms, especially during a relapse.

Peripheral Neuropathy

Peripheral neuropathy involves damage to nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, often causing numbness, tingling, or weakness in hands and feet. Physiotherapy helps improve balance and function.

Do's

Inspect feet daily for cuts or sores you may not feel
Wear well-fitting, protective footwear at all times
Manage underlying conditions like diabetes as advised
Keep floors clear of trip hazards at home

Don'ts

Don't walk barefoot, especially with reduced sensation
Don't use very hot water bottles or heating pads
Don't ignore small wounds on numb areas
Don't delay reporting worsening numbness or weakness

Common Symptoms

Numbness or tingling in hands or feet
Burning or sharp nerve pain
Muscle weakness, especially in lower legs
Loss of balance or increased fall risk

When to see a physiotherapist: See a doctor promptly if numbness spreads quickly, you notice unhealing wounds, or balance worsens.

Bell's Palsy

Bell's palsy causes sudden weakness or drooping on one side of the face due to temporary nerve inflammation. Most people recover well, and physiotherapy supports facial muscle recovery.

Do's

Protect the affected eye with drops or a cover if advised
Practice gentle facial movements as guided by your therapist
Support the face with a warm compress if comfortable
Be patient, as recovery often happens gradually over weeks

Don'ts

Don't ignore eye dryness or irritation on the affected side
Don't strain forcefully to move facial muscles too early
Don't assume it's a stroke without medical confirmation
Don't skip follow-up if improvement stalls after a few weeks

Common Symptoms

Sudden weakness or drooping on one side of the face
Difficulty closing the eye on the affected side
Drooling or difficulty with facial expressions
Changes in taste or sensitivity to sound

When to see a physiotherapist: Seek urgent medical evaluation for sudden facial weakness to rule out stroke, then follow up with physiotherapy for recovery.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare condition where the immune system affects peripheral nerves, causing rapidly progressing weakness. Physiotherapy plays a key role in recovery once medically stable.

Do's

Follow medical treatment closely during the acute phase
Begin gentle movement only when cleared by your medical team
Pace rehabilitation gradually as strength returns
Keep family involved for encouragement and support

Don'ts

Don't attempt strenuous activity before medical clearance
Don't ignore breathing difficulty or swallowing changes
Don't rush recovery timelines; healing varies by person
Don't discontinue therapy early even as strength improves

Common Symptoms

Rapidly progressing weakness, often starting in legs
Tingling or numbness in hands and feet
Difficulty with breathing or swallowing in severe cases
Loss of reflexes

When to see a physiotherapist: Seek emergency care immediately for rapidly spreading weakness or breathing difficulty, as GBS requires urgent medical management.

Traumatic Brain Injury

A traumatic brain injury results from a blow or jolt to the head that disrupts brain function, ranging from mild to severe. Physiotherapy supports recovery of movement, balance, and daily function.

Do's

Rest adequately, especially in the early recovery phase
Gradually resume activity under professional guidance
Keep a consistent daily routine to support recovery
Communicate any new symptoms to your care team

Don'ts

Don't return to sports or strenuous activity without clearance
Don't ignore persistent headaches or worsening confusion
Don't push through fatigue or overstimulation
Don't make major decisions during acute recovery without support

Common Symptoms

Headache, dizziness, or confusion
Difficulty with balance or coordination
Memory or concentration difficulties
Weakness or fatigue affecting daily tasks

When to see a physiotherapist: Seek emergency care for worsening headache, repeated vomiting, confusion, or loss of consciousness after a head injury.

Vertigo & Balance Disorders

Vertigo and balance disorders cause a sense of spinning or unsteadiness, often linked to the inner ear or nervous system. Physiotherapy, including specific balance techniques, can significantly reduce symptoms.

Do's

Move slowly when changing position, like sitting to standing
Keep your home well-lit and free of clutter
Sit or lie down immediately if you feel dizzy
Seek a proper assessment to identify the specific cause

Don'ts

Don't drive or climb stairs during an active dizzy spell
Don't ignore recurring episodes hoping they'll resolve alone
Don't self-diagnose the cause without professional evaluation
Don't make sudden head movements during an episode

Common Symptoms

Spinning sensation or feeling off-balance
Nausea or vomiting during episodes
Unsteadiness while walking or turning
Difficulty focusing eyes during head movement

When to see a physiotherapist: See a doctor promptly if vertigo is accompanied by severe headache, double vision, slurred speech, or limb weakness.

Low Back Pain

Low back pain is discomfort or stiffness in the lower spine caused by muscle strain, poor posture, or joint stress; physiotherapy helps relieve pain, restore movement, and prevent it from returning.

Do's

Keep moving gently rather than staying in bed all day
Maintain good posture while sitting and standing
Use a firm, supportive mattress and chair
Take short movement breaks every 30-40 minutes

Don'ts

Don't lift heavy objects with a bent back
Avoid prolonged sitting without breaks
Don't ignore pain that spreads down the leg
Avoid sudden twisting or jerky movements

Common Symptoms

Dull ache or stiffness in the lower back
Pain that worsens with sitting or bending
Muscle tightness or spasms near the spine
Difficulty standing up straight after resting

When to see a physiotherapist: See a physiotherapist if pain lasts more than a few days, worsens, or comes with numbness or leg weakness.

Neck Pain / Cervical Spondylosis

Neck pain and cervical spondylosis involve stiffness or wear-related changes in the neck's spine, often from prolonged screen use or poor posture; physiotherapy helps ease pain and improve neck mobility.

Do's

Keep your screen at eye level while working
Take frequent breaks from looking down at phones
Support your neck with a comfortable pillow while sleeping
Practice gentle neck movements within a comfortable range

Don'ts

Don't stay in one fixed neck position for long
Avoid sleeping on your stomach with your neck twisted
Don't crack or force your neck forcefully
Avoid carrying heavy bags on one shoulder

Common Symptoms

Stiffness or aching in the neck and shoulders
Reduced ability to turn or tilt the head
Headaches starting at the base of the skull
Tingling or numbness in the arms or hands

When to see a physiotherapist: Seek assessment if neck pain is accompanied by arm weakness, numbness, or persists beyond two weeks.

Frozen Shoulder

Frozen shoulder is a gradual stiffening and painful restriction of shoulder movement that develops over time; physiotherapy plays a key role in restoring range of motion and reducing discomfort.

Do's

Keep the shoulder gently mobile within comfortable limits
Apply warmth before movement to ease stiffness
Be patient, as recovery happens gradually over months
Follow a guided physiotherapy plan consistently

Don'ts

Don't force the shoulder into painful positions
Avoid completely immobilising the arm in a sling
Don't skip physiotherapy sessions once improvement begins
Avoid heavy lifting or overhead work during flare-ups

Common Symptoms

Gradual stiffness making shoulder movement difficult
Pain that worsens at night or when lying on it
Difficulty reaching overhead or behind the back
Reduced shoulder movement in all directions

When to see a physiotherapist: Consult a physiotherapist early if shoulder stiffness limits daily activities like dressing or reaching, as early care helps recovery.

Knee Osteoarthritis

Knee osteoarthritis is gradual wear of the knee joint cartilage causing pain and stiffness, especially with age; physiotherapy helps strengthen supporting muscles and keep the knee mobile.

Do's

Maintain a healthy body weight to reduce knee load
Stay active with low-impact movement like walking
Wear supportive, cushioned footwear
Use handrails or support on stairs when needed

Don'ts

Don't sit cross-legged or squat for long periods
Avoid high-impact activities like running on hard surfaces
Don't ignore persistent swelling or locking of the knee
Avoid staying inactive for long stretches

Common Symptoms

Knee pain that worsens with walking or stairs
Stiffness, especially after rest or in the morning
Swelling around the knee joint
A grinding or clicking sensation during movement

When to see a physiotherapist: See a physiotherapist if knee pain limits daily activities, causes swelling, or does not ease with rest.

Sciatica

Sciatica is pain that travels along the sciatic nerve from the lower back down the leg, usually due to nerve irritation or compression; physiotherapy helps relieve pressure and restore comfortable movement.

Do's

Keep gently active with short walks as tolerated
Sit with proper lumbar support
Change positions frequently rather than staying still
Sleep with a pillow supporting your knees or legs

Don'ts

Don't sit for long, uninterrupted periods
Avoid heavy lifting or repeatedly bending forward
Don't ignore worsening leg weakness or numbness
Avoid high-impact exercise during a painful flare-up

Common Symptoms

Sharp or burning pain radiating from lower back to leg
Tingling or numbness along the leg or foot
Pain that worsens with sitting or coughing
Weakness in the leg or foot muscles

When to see a physiotherapist: Seek prompt assessment if you notice leg weakness, numbness, or loss of bladder/bowel control.

Slipped Disc (Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc)

A slipped disc occurs when the soft cushion between spinal bones bulges or presses on nearby nerves, causing back and sometimes leg pain; physiotherapy helps manage symptoms and support recovery.

Do's

Rest briefly during severe flare-ups, then resume gentle movement
Maintain good posture while sitting and lifting
Use proper body mechanics when bending or lifting
Follow a structured physiotherapy programme for recovery

Don'ts

Don't lift heavy weights or twist the spine suddenly
Avoid prolonged bed rest beyond a day or two
Don't ignore worsening numbness or leg weakness
Avoid high-impact sports until cleared by a professional

Common Symptoms

Localised back pain that may radiate to the leg
Numbness or tingling along the nerve pathway
Pain that increases with sitting, bending, or coughing
Muscle weakness in the affected leg

When to see a physiotherapist: Seek urgent medical attention if you experience leg weakness, numbness, or bladder/bowel changes.

Rotator Cuff Injury

Rotator cuff injuries involve strain or tears in the shoulder muscles and tendons that stabilise the joint, often from overuse or injury; physiotherapy helps restore strength and shoulder function.

Do's

Rest the shoulder from aggravating overhead activities
Apply ice after activity to ease inflammation
Gradually reintroduce movement as pain allows
Follow a guided strengthening plan once pain settles

Don'ts

Don't continue overhead lifting or throwing through pain
Avoid sleeping on the affected shoulder
Don't skip warm-up before physical activity
Avoid sudden heavy loading of the shoulder

Common Symptoms

Shoulder pain, especially with overhead movement
Weakness when lifting or rotating the arm
Pain that disturbs sleep, especially lying on that side
A clicking or catching sensation in the shoulder

When to see a physiotherapist: Consult a physiotherapist if shoulder weakness or pain persists beyond a week or limits daily tasks.

Tennis Elbow / Golfer's Elbow

Tennis elbow and golfer's elbow are overuse injuries causing pain at the outer or inner elbow from repetitive gripping or wrist movements; physiotherapy helps reduce pain and rebuild strength.

Do's

Rest from repetitive gripping or twisting activities
Apply ice to the elbow after aggravating activity
Modify grip size or technique during daily tasks
Gradually rebuild strength once pain reduces

Don'ts

Don't continue repetitive wrist activities through pain
Avoid heavy lifting with a bent wrist
Don't ignore early tenderness near the elbow
Avoid sudden increases in racquet or tool use

Common Symptoms

Pain on the outer (tennis) or inner (golfer's) elbow
Weak grip strength when holding objects
Pain that worsens with wrist or forearm movement
Tenderness when pressing near the elbow joint

When to see a physiotherapist: See a physiotherapist if elbow pain persists beyond two weeks or affects grip and daily tasks.

Plantar Fasciitis

Plantar fasciitis is inflammation of the tissue band along the sole of the foot, causing heel pain especially with first steps; physiotherapy helps relieve pain and improve foot mechanics.

Do's

Wear supportive, cushioned footwear at all times
Stretch calf and foot muscles gently within comfort
Use a soft mat when standing on hard floors
Maintain a healthy body weight to reduce foot strain

Don'ts

Don't walk barefoot on hard surfaces
Avoid worn-out or unsupportive footwear
Don't ignore persistent heel pain hoping it resolves alone
Avoid sudden increases in walking or running distance

Common Symptoms

Sharp heel pain with the first steps in the morning
Pain that eases with movement but returns after rest
Tenderness along the bottom of the foot
Discomfort after long periods of standing or walking

When to see a physiotherapist: Consult a physiotherapist if heel pain persists beyond two to three weeks despite rest and supportive footwear.

Ankle Sprain

An ankle sprain is a stretch or tear of the ligaments around the ankle, usually from a sudden twist or fall; physiotherapy helps restore stability, strength, and confidence in movement.

Do's

Rest, ice, compress, and elevate the ankle initially
Gradually resume weight-bearing as pain allows
Wear supportive footwear during recovery
Follow a guided rehabilitation plan to rebuild stability

Don'ts

Don't return to sports before the ankle feels stable
Avoid walking on uneven surfaces during early recovery
Don't ignore repeated ankle sprains or persistent instability
Avoid skipping rehabilitation once swelling subsides

Common Symptoms

Swelling and bruising around the ankle
Pain when bearing weight or walking
Tenderness and stiffness around the joint
A feeling of instability or the ankle giving way

When to see a physiotherapist: Seek assessment if you cannot bear weight, swelling is severe, or the ankle feels unstable after the injury.

ACL Injury / Post-ACL Surgery Rehab

The ACL is a key knee ligament that keeps the joint stable; it can tear during sports with sudden twists or stops. Physiotherapy helps rebuild strength and stability before and after surgery.

Do's

Rest and elevate the knee right after injury
Use ice packs to reduce swelling in the early days
Follow your physiotherapist's guided rehab plan closely
Wear a knee support or brace if advised

Don'ts

Don't return to sports before full clearance
Avoid twisting or pivoting movements early on
Don't skip physiotherapy sessions after surgery
Avoid high-impact activity without professional guidance

Common Symptoms

Sudden knee pain and swelling right after injury
A popping sound or sensation at the time of injury
Knee feels unstable or gives way
Difficulty bearing weight or fully straightening the knee

When to see a physiotherapist: See a doctor immediately if you feel or hear a pop, have severe swelling, or cannot bear weight on the knee.

Post-Fracture Rehabilitation

After a fracture heals, the muscles and joints around it often become stiff and weak. Physiotherapy helps safely restore movement, strength and everyday function.

Do's

Follow your doctor's timeline before starting movement
Gradually increase activity as guided
Keep the area elevated to reduce swelling
Attend physiotherapy sessions consistently

Don'ts

Don't remove supports or braces without medical advice
Avoid putting full weight on it too soon
Don't ignore persistent pain during recovery
Avoid skipping follow-up X-rays or reviews

Common Symptoms

Stiffness in the joint near the healed fracture
Muscle weakness in the affected limb
Swelling that persists after cast removal
Difficulty with normal daily movements

When to see a physiotherapist: Seek medical attention if you notice increasing pain, new swelling, or the limb feels unstable during recovery.

Post Joint Replacement Rehab (Knee & Hip)

Knee or hip replacement surgery relieves joint pain, and structured physiotherapy afterward is essential to regain strength, mobility and confidence in walking.

Do's

Start gentle movement as soon as your surgeon approves
Use walking aids as recommended
Do your prescribed exercises regularly
Keep follow-up appointments with your surgical team

Don'ts

Don't kneel or twist the joint until cleared
Avoid sitting in low chairs early in recovery
Don't skip prescribed rehab exercises
Avoid overexertion in the first few weeks

Common Symptoms

Pain and swelling around the new joint after surgery
Stiffness limiting movement
Difficulty walking or climbing stairs
Muscle weakness around the joint

When to see a physiotherapist: Contact your doctor promptly if the joint becomes red, warm, increasingly painful, or you develop fever.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when a wrist nerve gets compressed, causing hand numbness and pain. Physiotherapy can ease symptoms and improve hand function.

Do's

Take regular breaks during repetitive hand tasks
Maintain a neutral wrist position while typing
Use ergonomic supports at your workstation
Try gentle wrist stretches if advised

Don'ts

Don't ignore persistent numbness or tingling
Avoid prolonged repetitive gripping without breaks
Don't sleep with wrists sharply bent
Avoid self-splinting without professional guidance

Common Symptoms

Numbness or tingling in thumb, index and middle fingers
Wrist or hand pain, especially at night
Weak grip strength
Hand feeling clumsy when holding objects

When to see a physiotherapist: See a doctor if numbness persists, worsens, or you notice muscle wasting at the base of the thumb.

Scoliosis

Scoliosis is a sideways curve of the spine, often noticed in growing children or teens. Physiotherapy can help improve posture and strength, and in many cases slow curve progression.

Do's

Get a proper spinal assessment for accurate curve measurement
Encourage regular physical activity
Follow a physiotherapist-guided posture and strength plan
Monitor growth-phase changes with periodic reviews

Don'ts

Don't ignore a noticed spinal asymmetry
Avoid assuming it will resolve on its own
Don't rely on internet exercise videos without guidance
Avoid heavy one-sided bag-carrying habits

Common Symptoms

Uneven shoulders or shoulder blades
One hip appearing higher than the other
Visible curve or asymmetry in the back
Clothes hanging unevenly on the body

When to see a physiotherapist: Consult a doctor or physiotherapist if you notice spinal curvature, uneven shoulders, or back pain in a growing child.

Developmental Delay in Children

Developmental delay means a child is slower to reach milestones like sitting, walking or coordination. Early physiotherapy support can help build skills at the child's own pace.

Do's

Encourage floor-time play and movement daily
Celebrate small progress and milestones
Follow early intervention therapy consistently
Keep pediatrician and therapy appointments regular

Don'ts

Don't compare your child's pace to others
Avoid delaying assessment hoping they'll catch up
Don't skip therapy sessions once started
Avoid being overly restrictive or overly pushy

Common Symptoms

Delayed sitting, crawling, or walking compared to peers
Poor balance or coordination
Low muscle tone or floppiness
Difficulty with age-appropriate motor tasks

When to see a physiotherapist: Consult a pediatrician or physiotherapist if your child is noticeably behind expected milestones for their age.

Torticollis in Infants

Torticollis is when an infant's neck muscle is tight on one side, causing the head to tilt or turn. Early physiotherapy is highly effective in correcting it.

Do's

Encourage supervised tummy time
Alternate the baby's head position during feeding and sleep
Follow the neck-stretching routine guided by your physiotherapist
Attend regular follow-up assessments

Don'ts

Don't force the baby's neck movement
Avoid always positioning the baby's head the same way
Don't delay starting therapy once noticed
Avoid skipping recommended follow-up visits

Common Symptoms

Baby's head consistently tilts to one side
Limited neck turning toward one direction
A small lump felt in the neck muscle
Flattening on one side of the head

When to see a physiotherapist: See a physiotherapist early if you notice a consistent head tilt, as prompt treatment gives the best results.

Down Syndrome — Physiotherapy Support

Down syndrome often comes with lower muscle tone and delayed motor milestones. Physiotherapy supports children in building strength, balance and independence over time.

Do's

Start early intervention physiotherapy as early as possible
Encourage regular movement and play
Follow a consistent, structured therapy routine
Celebrate every developmental milestone reached

Don'ts

Don't delay starting therapy support
Avoid comparing progress to typically developing children
Don't skip regular physiotherapy reviews
Avoid overprotecting the child from safe movement challenges

Common Symptoms

Lower muscle tone (hypotonia)
Delayed milestones like sitting or walking
Looser joints leading to instability
Reduced overall muscle strength

When to see a physiotherapist: Involve a physiotherapist soon after diagnosis to begin structured support for motor development.

Muscular Dystrophy

Muscular dystrophy is a genetic condition causing progressive muscle weakness. Physiotherapy helps maintain strength, mobility and quality of life for as long as possible.

Do's

Maintain gentle, regular physiotherapist-guided movement
Use supportive equipment as recommended
Monitor breathing and posture with your care team
Keep regular specialist and physiotherapy reviews

Don'ts

Don't push through fatigue with strenuous exercise
Avoid prolonged immobility or inactivity
Don't skip scheduled physiotherapy and medical reviews
Avoid high-impact or overly strenuous activities

Common Symptoms

Progressive muscle weakness over time
Frequent falls or difficulty running
Difficulty climbing stairs or rising from the floor
Enlarged calf muscles in some cases

When to see a physiotherapist: Consult a doctor promptly if you notice progressive weakness, frequent falls, or difficulty with everyday movements.

Osteoporosis Management

Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become weak and fragile, increasing fracture risk. Physiotherapy helps improve bone-loading strength, balance and fall prevention.

Do's

Engage in regular weight-bearing activity as advised
Focus on balance and fall-prevention exercises
Ensure adequate calcium and vitamin D intake
Get bone density checked periodically

Don'ts

Don't ignore a stooped posture or height loss
Avoid high-risk activities that increase fall chances
Don't skip prescribed bone-health medication or reviews
Avoid prolonged inactivity or bed rest

Common Symptoms

Gradual loss of height over time
Stooped or hunched posture
Back pain from weakened vertebrae
Bones that fracture easily from minor falls

When to see a physiotherapist: See a doctor if you experience a fall, sudden back pain, or notice height loss or posture changes.

Fall Prevention in the Elderly

Falls are a major cause of injury in older adults, but many are preventable — physiotherapy improves balance, strength, and confidence to help seniors move safely.

Do's

Keep walkways well-lit and free of clutter
Wear supportive, non-slip footwear at home
Practice balance and strength exercises regularly
Use handrails on stairs and in bathrooms

Don'ts

Don't rush when getting up from bed or a chair
Avoid walking on wet or uneven floors without support
Don't ignore dizziness or lightheadedness
Avoid loose rugs and clutter on the floor

Common Symptoms

Unsteadiness while walking or turning
Frequent stumbling or near-falls
Fear of walking without support
Weakness in legs when standing up from a chair

When to see a physiotherapist: See a physiotherapist if you or a loved one has fallen recently, feels unsteady, or is afraid of falling.

Postural Correction & Text Neck

Long hours on phones and desks can strain the neck and back — physiotherapy helps correct posture, ease pain, and build habits that protect your spine.

Do's

Keep screens at eye level to reduce neck strain
Take a movement break every 30-45 minutes
Sit with your back supported and feet flat
Strengthen back and core muscles regularly

Don'ts

Don't slouch or hunch over your phone for long periods
Avoid sitting in one position for hours without a break
Don't work with your laptop on your lap for long stretches
Avoid carrying heavy bags on one shoulder

Common Symptoms

Neck and shoulder stiffness after screen time
Rounded shoulders or forward head posture
Upper back or lower back discomfort
Headaches after long desk or phone use

When to see a physiotherapist: Consult a physiotherapist if neck or back pain persists beyond a few days or affects your daily activities.

Chronic Pain Management

Long-lasting pain from conditions like arthritis or old injuries can affect daily life, but physiotherapy offers safe, non-drug ways to manage pain and stay active.

Do's

Stay gently active within a comfortable range
Follow a paced, gradual exercise routine
Practice relaxation and breathing techniques
Maintain a regular sleep schedule

Don'ts

Don't completely avoid all movement out of fear
Avoid pushing through sharp or worsening pain
Don't rely solely on painkillers without guidance
Avoid long periods of complete rest or inactivity

Common Symptoms

Pain lasting more than three months
Stiffness that limits movement or daily tasks
Fatigue or low mood linked to ongoing pain
Pain that varies with activity, weather, or stress

When to see a physiotherapist: See a physiotherapist if pain persists for weeks, limits your activities, or you're unsure how to stay active safely.

Diabetic Neuropathy Care

High blood sugar over time can damage nerves, especially in the feet — physiotherapy helps protect sensation, improve balance, and reduce complications.

Do's

Check your feet daily for cuts, blisters, or redness
Wear well-fitted, protective footwear at all times
Keep blood sugar levels well controlled
Do gentle balance and circulation-boosting activities

Don'ts

Don't walk barefoot, even at home
Avoid ignoring small foot injuries or wounds
Don't use very hot water on feet
Avoid prolonged sitting or standing without movement

Common Symptoms

Tingling, numbness, or burning in feet or hands
Reduced sensation to touch or temperature
Muscle weakness in the lower legs
Balance problems or unsteady walking

When to see a physiotherapist: Seek assessment promptly if you notice numbness, wounds that won't heal, or increasing difficulty with balance.

Pre & Post-Natal Physiotherapy

Pregnancy and childbirth bring many physical changes — physiotherapy safely supports your body through this journey and helps you recover strength and confidence afterward.

Do's

Stay gently active with guidance suited to your stage
Practice pelvic floor awareness exercises
Rest and recover at your own pace after delivery
Ask your physiotherapist before resuming exercise post-birth

Don'ts

Don't start any new exercise without professional guidance
Avoid heavy lifting or straining, especially post-delivery
Don't ignore persistent pelvic or back pain
Avoid comparing your recovery timeline to others

Common Symptoms

Lower back or pelvic girdle discomfort during pregnancy
Weakness in the core or pelvic floor after delivery
Postural strain from carrying pregnancy weight
Difficulty returning to normal activity after childbirth

When to see a physiotherapist: Consult a women's health physiotherapist for pelvic pain, leaking, or any concerns during pregnancy or after delivery.

Obesity & Physical Deconditioning

Excess weight and prolonged inactivity can weaken muscles and joints over time — physiotherapy offers a safe, gradual path back to strength and movement.

Do's

Start with low-impact activities like walking or swimming
Increase activity gradually and consistently
Combine movement with balanced nutrition guidance
Set small, achievable goals to build confidence

Don'ts

Don't attempt high-intensity exercise without assessment
Avoid long periods of sitting or lying down
Don't compare your pace of progress to others
Avoid skipping warm-up before physical activity

Common Symptoms

Reduced stamina during daily activities
Joint pain, especially in knees and lower back
Breathlessness with mild exertion
Muscle weakness after long periods of inactivity

When to see a physiotherapist: See a physiotherapist for a tailored, safe activity plan, especially if joint pain or breathlessness limits movement.

Sports Injury Rehabilitation

Sprains, strains, and sports injuries need proper rehabilitation to heal fully — physiotherapy guides safe recovery and helps prevent the injury from recurring.

Do's

Follow a structured, progressive recovery plan
Apply rest and ice initially for acute injuries
Rebuild strength before returning to full sport
Warm up properly before training or play

Don'ts

Don't return to sport before you're fully recovered
Avoid ignoring pain during recovery activities
Don't skip rehabilitation exercises once pain eases
Avoid playing through swelling or instability

Common Symptoms

Pain, swelling, or bruising after activity
Reduced range of motion in the injured area
Weakness or instability in a joint or muscle
Pain that returns with sport-specific movements

When to see a physiotherapist: Get assessed promptly for any injury with significant swelling, inability to bear weight, or pain that doesn't improve within a few days.

Amputee & Prosthetic Rehabilitation

Adjusting to life after limb loss takes time and support — physiotherapy helps build strength, improve mobility, and adapt confidently to a prosthetic limb.

Do's

Care for and inspect your residual limb daily
Follow a guided strengthening and mobility program
Practice using your prosthetic under professional supervision
Communicate discomfort with your prosthetic early

Don'ts

Don't adjust or wear your prosthetic without guidance
Avoid skipping residual limb care routines
Don't push through skin soreness or blisters
Avoid isolating yourself from rehabilitation support

Common Symptoms

Residual limb pain or sensitivity
Difficulty with balance or walking pattern
Muscle weakness in the affected limb or trunk
Skin irritation from prosthetic use

When to see a physiotherapist: See a physiotherapist for prosthetic fitting concerns, persistent pain, or difficulty walking safely.

Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)

Repeated movements at work or on devices can strain muscles and tendons over time — physiotherapy helps relieve discomfort and prevent it from becoming chronic.

Do's

Take frequent short breaks during repetitive tasks
Use ergonomic setups for keyboard, mouse, and chair
Stretch hands and wrists periodically through the day
Vary tasks to avoid repeating the same motion constantly

Don'ts

Don't ignore early tingling or discomfort signals
Avoid awkward wrist positions during typing or lifting
Don't continue the same repetitive task through pain
Avoid gripping devices or tools too tightly

Common Symptoms

Pain or aching in wrists, hands, or forearms
Tingling or numbness with repeated tasks
Stiffness that worsens with continued activity
Weak grip or reduced hand coordination

When to see a physiotherapist: Consult a physiotherapist if discomfort persists beyond a couple of weeks or interferes with work or daily tasks.

Myofascial Pain Syndrome

Tight knots in muscles, called trigger points, can cause persistent local or referred pain — physiotherapy helps release tension and restore comfortable movement.

Do's

Maintain good posture during daily activities
Manage stress, which can worsen muscle tension
Stay gently active and avoid prolonged stillness
Apply warmth to ease tense, sore muscles

Don'ts

Don't ignore repeated muscle knots or tightness
Avoid staying in one fixed position for too long
Don't press firmly on trigger points without guidance
Avoid overloading the same muscle group repeatedly

Common Symptoms

Deep, aching muscle pain in a specific area
Tender knots or 'trigger points' within a muscle
Pain that spreads to nearby areas when pressed
Muscle stiffness or restricted movement

When to see a physiotherapist: See a physiotherapist if muscle pain persists, recurs frequently, or limits your range of motion.

Where Care Meets Cure.

A dedicated neuro physiotherapist, focused on functional recovery.

Conditions & Services

Stroke Rehabilitation

Spinal Cord Injury

Parkinson's Disease

Pediatric & Cerebral Palsy

Home-Based Neuro Care

Orthopaedic Manual Therapy

Myofascial Release & Taping

Pilates-Based Rehab

Physiotherapy Health Library

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